“Each particular society begins to feel its strength, whence arises a state of war between different nations.”
- January 18, 1689 – February 10, 1755
- French
- Political Philosopher, Jurist, Author of The Spirit of the Laws
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Quote
“Each particular society begins to feel its strength, whence arises a state of war between different nations.”
Explanation
Montesquieu explains the origin of conflict between nations as a natural consequence of social development and the rise of collective power. As individual societies grow stronger—economically, politically, or militarily—they become more aware of their capabilities. This newfound confidence often leads to competition, rivalry, and eventually, a state of war with other nations similarly asserting their strength.
This idea fits within Montesquieu’s broader political philosophy in The Spirit of the Laws, where he analyzes the causes of war and peace through the lens of human behavior, institutional design, and power dynamics. War is not born out of necessity alone, but from ambition, pride, and the assertion of dominance by nations that have become self-aware and capable. It is a byproduct of both growth and the absence of effective means of international cooperation or restraint.
In the modern world, this observation remains strikingly relevant. Rising powers often enter into conflict with established ones, as seen in historical rivalries and contemporary geopolitical tensions. Montesquieu’s insight highlights that peace requires more than prosperity—it demands humility, diplomacy, and structures that prevent power from becoming provocation. The danger, he warns, is not in strength itself, but in what nations choose to do once they recognize they possess it.
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