“He who is unable to live in society, or who has no need because he is sufficient for himself, must be either a beast or a god.”
- 384 BC – 322 BC
- Originating from Macedonia in ancient Greece
- Philosopher and scientist, founder of the Lyceum academy
- A student of Plato, he constructed systematic knowledge in logic, biology, politics, ethics, etc., and had a major impact on the development of Western thought and science
Quote
“He who is unable to live in society, or who has no need because he is sufficient for himself, must be either a beast or a god.”
Explanation
In this quote, Aristotle asserts that humans are inherently social beings who thrive within society and community. If someone is unable to live in society or does not require human interaction because they are entirely self-sufficient, Aristotle suggests that this person is not fully human. Instead, they must resemble either a beast—who, by nature, lives in isolation, unable to participate in the social and intellectual life of humanity—or a god—who, being above human needs, does not rely on society for fulfillment. In essence, Aristotle emphasizes that community and interdependence are essential to human life, and the inability or refusal to participate in society represents a fundamental deviation from what it means to be human.
This idea remains highly relevant today, as the concept of community and interconnectedness continues to shape our understanding of human well-being and society. Whether through family, friendships, or work relationships, humans generally find meaning, purpose, and support through their connections with others. Those who isolate themselves or who seek to be completely self-sufficient in a modern context may struggle with loneliness, lack of support, or difficulty in relating to others, reflecting Aristotle’s notion that humans are not meant to live in complete isolation.
For example, someone who rejects all human interaction and attempts to live completely alone may find it difficult to lead a fulfilled life, as they miss out on the richness of human experience, collaboration, and mutual support. On the other hand, someone who depends entirely on others and does not cultivate their own independence may also struggle with personal growth. Aristotle’s quote highlights the balance between individual self-sufficiency and social interdependence—suggesting that, while it is important to be self-reliant, humans are ultimately meant to live in community with others.
