“Satire lies about literary men while they live and eulogy lies about them when they die.”
- November 21, 1694 – May 30, 1778
- Born in France
- Philosopher, man of letters, historian
- Wrote many works, including “Philosophy of History,” “De Toleration,” “Philosophical Dictionary,” “Philosophical Letters,” “Oedipus,” and “Candide,” and is known as a pioneer of Enlightenment thought.
Quote
“Satire lies about literary men while they live and eulogy lies about them when they die.”
Explanation
This quote reflects Voltaire’s critique of both criticism and praise in literary and public life. He suggests that satire often exaggerates or distorts the flaws and shortcomings of writers and thinkers while they are alive, presenting them in an unfairly negative light. On the other hand, eulogy tends to overstate their virtues and achievements after their death, offering a glorified or idealized version of their legacy. Voltaire’s words highlight the tendency of society to either unfairly vilify or excessively romanticize individuals, depending on their position in life.
In modern contexts, this idea resonates with how public figures, particularly writers, artists, and intellectuals, are often treated differently in life and after death. While alive, they may face harsh criticism, misrepresentation, or ridicule, but posthumously, they may be elevated to iconic status, their flaws minimized or forgotten. Voltaire’s quote serves as a reminder that both criticism and praise can be shaped by bias, perspective, or convenience rather than an honest evaluation of a person’s true contributions.
A specific example of this principle can be seen in the lives of many great authors or artists who faced criticism during their lifetimes, only to be celebrated after their deaths. For example, authors like James Joyce or Vincent van Gogh struggled for recognition while alive but became iconic figures after their passing. Voltaire’s words encourage us to recognize the complexities and contradictions in how individuals are portrayed, both during their lifetimes and after their deaths.
